Exclusive Full Buffalo Ts5600dn Nas Firmware 3.51 For Mac

Buffalo launched a 2 TB variant of its MiniStation 3.0 portable hard drive (model: HD-PCT2. Slated for late-July, the drive will be priced at 29,925 JPY (US $380). The drive is built into the conventional MiniStation chassis, which is available in piano-black and pearl-white finishes. Buffalo's TeraStation 3410DN is a four-drive desktop business class value storage solution, NAS-grade hard drives included. This device features advanced components and solutions at an entry level price - ideal for small offices and professional users requiring cost-effective network storage. Users can easily share and safeguard data with reliability and RAID data protection, while the.

The Buffalo TeraStation network-attached storage series are network-attached storage devices. The current lineup includes the TeraStation series; these devices have undergone various improvements since they were first produced, have expanded to include a Windows Storage Server-based operating system. The TeraStation is a network-attached storage device using a PowerPC or ARM architecture processor. Many TeraStation models are shipped with enterprise-grade internal hard drives mounted in a RAID array. Since January 2012, the TeraStation uses LIO for its iSCSI target; the LinkStation is a network-attached storage device using a PowerPC or ARM architecture processor designed for personal use, aiming to serve as a central media hub and backup storage for a household. Compared to the TeraStation series, LinkStation devices offer more streamlined UI and media server features; the LinkStation is notable among the Linux community both in Japan and in the US/Europe for being 'hackable' into a generic Linux appliance and made to do tasks other than the file storage and sharing tasks for which it was designed.

As the device runs on Linux, included changes to the Linux source code, Buffalo was required to release their modified versions of source code as per the terms of the GNU General Public License. Due to the availability of source code and the low cost of the device, there are several community projects centered around it. There are two main replacement firmware releases available for the device: the first is OpenLink, based on the official Buffalo firmware with some modifications and features added; the other is FreeLink, a Debian distribution. Like the LinkStation, TeraStation devices run its own version of Linux, some models run Windows Storage Server 2016. Debian and Gentoo Linux distributions and NetBSD are reported to have been ported to it; the device in various iterations ships with its own Universal Plug and Play protocol for distribution of multimedia stored on the device. It can be configured as a variety of different media servers TwonkyVision Media server, a SlimServer/SqueezeCenter server, an iTunes server using the Digital Audio Access Protocol, a Samba server, an LIO iSCSI target, MLDonkey client, as well as a Network File System server for Posix-based systems.

For use as a backup server, it can be modified to use Rsync to back up or synchronize data from one or many computers in the network pushing their data, or having the LinkStation pulling the data from remote servers—beside the use of the Buffalo-provided backup software for Windows. It has found use in a number of other ways, notably through its USB interface which comes configured as a Print server but can use the Common Unix Printing System to act as such for a USB Printer. Users have managed to get it to use a number of other USB devices with the version 2.6 Linux kernel's enhanced USB support. Additionally, because the Apache HTTP Server software is installed for the purpose of providing the Buffalo configuration screens, the device is converted to be a lightweight web server that can serve any content of the operator's choice; the LinkStation and TeraStation NAS devices have won various industry awards since their introduction, such as the TS51210RH winning Storage Product of the Year for the 2018 Network Computing Awards.

The TeraStation has won the SMB External Storage Hardware category of the CRN® Annual Report Card awards, which recognizes exceptional vendor performance, for three years in a row. NSLU2

Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is packaged in a Linux distribution. Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word 'Linux' in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy. Popular Linux distributions include Debian and Ubuntu. Commercial distributions include SUSE Linux Enterprise Server. Desktop Linux distributions include a windowing system such as X11 or Wayland, a desktop environment such as GNOME or KDE Plasma. Distributions intended for servers may omit graphics altogether, or include a solution stack such as LAMP; because Linux is redistributable, anyone may create a distribution for any purpose. Linux was developed for personal computers based on the Intel x86 architecture, but has since been ported to more platforms than any other operating system.

Linux is the leading operating system on servers and other big iron systems such as mainframe computers, the only OS used on TOP500 supercomputers. It is used by around 2.3 percent of desktop computers. The Chromebook, which runs the Linux kernel-based Chrome OS, dominates the US K–12 education market and represents nearly 20 percent of sub-$300 notebook sales in the US. Linux runs on embedded systems, i.e. devices whose operating system is built into the firmware and is tailored to the system. This includes routers, automation controls, digital video recorders, video game consoles, smartwatches. Many smartphones and tablet computers run other Linux derivatives; because of the dominance of Android on smartphones, Linux has the largest installed base of all general-purpose operating systems. Linux is one of the most prominent examples of open-source software collaboration; the source code may be used and distributed—commercially or non-commercially—by anyone under the terms of its respective licenses, such as the GNU General Public License.

The Unix operating system was conceived and implemented in 1969, at AT&T's Bell Laboratories in the United States by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Douglas McIlroy, Joe Ossanna. First released in 1971, Unix was written in assembly language, as was common practice at the time. In 1973 in a key, pioneering approach, it was rewritten in the C programming language by Dennis Ritchie; the availability of a high-level language implementation of Unix made its porting to different computer platforms easier. Due to an earlier antitrust case forbidding it from entering the computer business, AT&T was required to license the operating system's source code to anyone who asked; as a result, Unix grew and became adopted by academic institutions and businesses. In 1984, AT&T divested itself of Bell Labs; the GNU Project, started in 1983 by Richard Stallman, had the goal of creating a 'complete Unix-compatible software system' composed of free software. Work began in 1984. In 1985, Stallman started the Free Software Foundation and wrote the GNU General Public License in 1989.

By the early 1990s, many of the programs required in an operating system were completed, although low-level elements such as device drivers and the kernel, called GNU/Hurd, were stalled and incomplete. Linus Torvalds has stated that if the GNU kernel had been available at the time, he would not have decided to write his own. Although not released until 1992, due to legal complications, development of 386BSD, from which NetBSD, OpenBSD and FreeBSD descended, predated that of Linux. Torvalds has stated that if 386BSD had been available at the time, he would not have created Linux. MINIX was created by Andrew S. Tanenbaum, a computer science professor, released in 1987 as a minimal Unix-like operating system targeted at students and others who wanted to learn the operating system principles. Although the complete source code of MINIX was available, the licensing terms prevented it from being free software until the licensing changed in April 2000. In 1991, while attending the University of Helsinki, Torvalds became curious about operating systems.

Frustrated by the licensing of MINIX, which at the time limited it to educational use only, he began to work on his own operating system kernel, which became the Linux kernel. Torvalds began the development of the Linux kernel on MINIX and applications written for MINIX were used on Linux. Linux matured and further Linux kernel development took place on Linux systems. GNU applications replaced all MINIX components, because it was advantageous to use the available code from the GNU Project with the fledgling operating system. Torvalds initiated a switch from his original license, which prohibited commercial redistribution, to the GNU GPL. Developers worked to integrate GNU components with the Linux kernel, making a functional and free operating system. Linus Torvalds had wanted to call his invention 'Freax', a portmanteau of 'free', 'freak', 'x' (as

Outlook for mac 2016 calendar sync with google. Outlook 2016 for Mac users who are part of the Office Insider Fast program will be the first to try this new feature. To become an Insider, simply open up Outlook, click Help Check for Updates and then follow the directions found here. Not all Insiders will see the new Google Account experience right away. The answer is 'yes', we can sync out Google account with Outlook 2016 for Mac now if we are Insider Fast participants and have an Office 365 subscription. On build number 0902 and higher you can sync contacts and calendar with Outlook for Mac 2016 but first you need to add the account to Outlook. See Add an email account to Outlook for instructions. Known issues syncing Google accounts to the Microsoft Cloud. Sync your Google account to the Microsoft Cloud.

Network-attached storage is a file-level computer data storage server connected to a computer network providing data access to a heterogeneous group of clients. NAS is specialized for serving files either by software, or configuration, it is manufactured as a computer appliance – a purpose-built specialized computer. NAS systems are networked appliances which contain one or more storage drives arranged into logical, redundant storage containers or RAID. Network-attached storage removes the responsibility of file serving from other servers on the network, they provide access to files using network file sharing protocols such as NFS, SMB, or AFP. From the mid-1990s, NAS devices began gaining popularity as a convenient method of sharing files among multiple computers. Potential benefits of dedicated network-attached storage, compared to general-purpose servers serving files, include faster data access, easier administration, simple configuration; the hard disk drives with 'NAS' in their name are functionally similar to other drives but may have different firmware, vibration tolerance, or power dissipation to make them more suitable for use in RAID arrays, which are used in NAS implementations.

For example, some NAS versions of drives support a command extension to allow extended error recovery to be disabled. In a non-RAID application, it may be important for a disk drive to go to great lengths to read a problematic storage block if it takes several seconds. In an appropriately configured RAID array, a single bad block on a single drive can be recovered via the redundancy encoded across the RAID set. If a drive spends several seconds executing extensive retries it might cause the RAID controller to flag the drive as 'down' whereas if it replied promptly that the block of data had a checksum error, the RAID controller would use the redundant data on the other drives to correct the error and continue without any problem; such a 'NAS' SATA hard disk drive can be used as an internal PC hard drive, without any problems or adjustments needed, as it supports additional options and may be built to a higher quality standard than a regular consumer drive. A NAS unit is a computer connected to a network that provides only file-based data storage services to other devices on the network.

Although it may technically be possible to run other software on a NAS unit, it is not designed to be a general-purpose server. For example, NAS units do not have a keyboard or display, are controlled and configured over the network using a browser. A full-featured operating system is not needed on a NAS device, so a stripped-down operating system is used. For example, FreeNAS or NAS4Free, both open source NAS solutions designed for commodity PC hardware, are implemented as a stripped-down version of FreeBSD. NAS systems contain one or more hard disk drives arranged into logical, redundant storage containers or RAID. NAS uses file-based protocols such as NFS, SMB, AFP, or NCP. NAS units limit clients to a single protocol; the key difference between direct-attached storage and NAS is that DAS is an extension to an existing server and is not networked. NAS is designed as an self-contained solution for sharing files over the network. Both DAS and NAS can increase availability of data by using RAID or clustering.

When both are served over the network, NAS could have better performance than DAS, because the NAS device can be tuned for file serving, less to happen on a server responsible for other processing. Both NAS and DAS can have various amount of cache memory, which affects performance; when comparing use of NAS with use of local DAS, the performance of NAS depends on the speed of and congestion on the network. NAS is not as customizable in terms of hardware or software as a general-purpose server supplied with DAS. NAS provides a file system; this is contrasted with SAN, which provides only block-based storage and leaves file system concerns on the 'client' side. SAN protocols include Fibre Channel, iSCSI, ATA over Ethernet and HyperSCSI. One way to loosely conceptualize the difference between a NAS and a SAN is that NAS appears to the client OS as a file server whereas a disk available through a SAN still appears to the client OS as a disk, visible in disk and volume management utilities, available to be formatted with a file system and mounted.

Despite their differences, SAN and NAS are not mutually exclusive and may be combined as a SAN-NAS hybrid, offering both file-level protocols and block-level protocols from the same system. An example of this is a free software product running on Linux-based systems. A shared disk file system can be run on top of a SAN to provide filesystem services. In the early 1980s, the 'Newcastle Connection' by Brian Randell and his colleagues at Newcastle University demonstrated and developed remote file access across a set of UNIX machines. Novell's NetWare server operating system and NCP protocol was released in 1983. Following the Newcastle Connection, Sun Microsystems' 1984 release of NFS allowed network servers to share their storage space with networked clients. 3Com and Microsoft would deve

Error-correcting code memory is a type of computer data storage that can detect and correct the most-common kinds of internal data corruption. ECC memory is used in most computers where data corruption cannot be tolerated under any circumstances, such as for scientific or financial computing. ECC memory maintains a memory system immune to single-bit errors: the data, read from each word is always the same as the data, written to it if one of the bits stored has been flipped to the wrong state. Most non-ECC memory cannot detect errors, although some non-ECC memory with parity support allows detection but not correction. Electrical or magnetic interference inside a computer system can cause a single bit of dynamic random-access memory to spontaneously flip to the opposite state, it was thought that this was due to alpha particles emitted by contaminants in chip packaging material, but research has shown that the majority of one-off soft errors in DRAM chips occur as a result of background radiation, chiefly neutrons from cosmic ray secondaries, which may change the contents of one or more memory cells or interfere with the circuitry used to read or write to them.

Hence, the error rates increase with rising altitude. As a result, systems operating at high altitudes require special provision for reliability; as an example, the spacecraft Cassini–Huygens, launched in 1997, contained two identical flight recorders, each with 2.5 gigabits of memory in the form of arrays of commercial DRAM chips. Thanks to built-in EDAC functionality, spacecraft's engineering telemetry reported the number of single-bit-per-word errors and double-bit-per-word errors. During the first 2.5 years of flight, the spacecraft reported a nearly constant single-bit error rate of about 280 errors per day. However, on November 6, 1997, during the first month in space, the number of errors increased by more than a factor of four for that single day; this was attributed to a solar particle event, detected by the satellite GOES 9. There was some concern that as DRAM density increases further, thus the components on chips get smaller, while at the same time operating voltages continue to fall, DRAM chips will be affected by such radiation more frequently—since lower-energy particles will be able to change a memory cell's state.

On the other hand, smaller cells make smaller targets, moves to technologies such as SOI may make individual cells less susceptible and so counteract, or reverse, this trend. Recent studies show that single-event upsets due to cosmic radiation have been dropping with process geometry and previous concerns over increasing bit cell error rates are unfounded. Work published between 2007 and 2009 showed varying error rates with over 7 orders of magnitude difference, ranging from 10−10 error/bit·h to 10−17 error/bit·h. A large-scale study based on Google's large number of servers was presented at the SIGMETRICS/Performance’09 conference; the actual error rate found was several orders of magnitude higher than the previous small-scale or laboratory studies, with between 25,000 and 70,000 errors per billion device hours per megabit. More than 8% of DIMM memory modules were affected by errors per year; the consequence of a memory error is system-dependent. In systems without ECC, an error can lead either to corruption of data.

Memory errors can cause security vulnerabilities. A memory error can have no consequences if it changes a bit which neither causes observable malfunctioning nor affects data used in calculations or saved. A 2010 simulation study showed that, for a web browser, only a small fraction of memory errors caused data corruption, although, as many memory errors are intermittent and correlated, the effects of memory errors were greater than would be expected for independent soft errors; some tests conclude that the isolation of DRAM memory cells can be circumvented by unintended side effects of specially crafted accesses to adjacent cells. Thus, accessing data stored in DRAM causes memory cells to leak their charges and interact electrically, as a result of high cell density in modern memory, altering the content of nearby memory rows that were not addressed in the original memory access; this effect is known as row hammer, it has been used in some privilege escalation computer security exploits. An example of a single-bit error that would be ignored by a system with no error-checking, would halt a machine with parity checking, or would be invisibly corrected by ECC: a single bit is stuck at 1 due to a faulty chip, or becomes changed to 1 due to background or cosmic radiation.

As a result, the '8' has silently become a '9'. Several approaches have been developed to deal with unwanted bit-flips, including immunity-aware programming, RAM parity memory, ECC memory; this problem can be mitigated by using DRAM modules that include extra memory bits and memory controllers that exploit these bits. These extra bi

The hacker culture is a subculture of individuals who enjoy the intellectual challenge of creatively overcoming limitations of software systems to achieve novel and clever outcomes. The act of engaging in activities in a spirit of playfulness and exploration is termed 'hacking'. However, the defining characteristic of a hacker is not the activities performed themselves, but the manner in which it is done and whether it is something exciting and meaningful. Activities of playful cleverness can be said to have 'hack value' and therefore the term 'hacks' came about, with early examples including pranks at MIT done by students to demonstrate their technical aptitude and cleverness. Therefore, the hacker culture emerged in academia in the 1960s around the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Tech Model Railroad Club and MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. Hacking involved entering restricted areas in a clever way without causing any major damages; some famous hacks at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology were placing of a campus police cruiser on the roof of the Great Dome and converting the Great Dome into R2-D2.

Richard Stallman explains about hackers who program: What they had in common was love of excellence and programming. They wanted to make their programs, they wanted to make them do neat things. They wanted to be able to do something in a more exciting way than anyone believed possible and show 'Look how wonderful this is. I bet you didn't believe this could be done.' Hackers from this subculture tend to emphatically differentiate themselves from what they pejoratively call 'crackers'. The Jargon File, an influential but not universally accepted compendium of hacker slang, defines hacker as 'A person who enjoys exploring the details of programmable systems and stretching their capabilities, as opposed to most users, who prefer to learn only the minimum necessary.' The Request for Comments 1392, the Internet Users' Glossary, amplifies this meaning as 'A person who delights in having an intimate understanding of the internal workings of a system and computer networks in particular.'As documented in the Jargon File, these hackers are disappointed by the mass media and general public's usage of the word hacker to refer to security breakers, calling them 'crackers' instead.

This includes both 'good' crackers who use their computer security related skills and knowledge to learn more about how systems and networks work and to help to discover and fix security holes, as well as those more 'evil' crackers who use the same skills to author harmful software and illegally infiltrate secure systems with the intention of doing harm to the system. The programmer subculture of hackers, in contrast to the cracker community sees computer security related activities as contrary to the ideals of the original and true meaning of the hacker term that instead related to playful cleverness; the word 'hacker' derives from the seventeenth-century word of a 'lusty laborer' who harvested fields by dogged and rough swings of his hoe. Although the idea of 'hacking' has existed long before the term 'hacker'‍—‌with the most notable example of Lightning Ellsworth, it was not a word that the first programmers used to describe themselves. In fact, many of the first programmers were from physics backgrounds.

There was a growing awareness of a style of programming different from the cut and dried methods employed at first, but it was not until the 1960s that the term hackers began to be used to describe proficient computer programmers. Therefore, the fundamental characteristic that links all who identify themselves as hackers are ones who enjoy '…the intellectual challenge of creatively overcoming and circumventing limitations of programming systems and who tries to extend their capabilities'. With this definition in mind, it can be clear where the negative implications of the word 'hacker' and the subculture of 'hackers' came from; some common nicknames among this culture include 'crackers' who are unskilled thieves who rely on luck. Others include 'phreak'‍—‌which refers to a type of skilled crackers and 'warez d00dz'‍—‌which is a kind of cracker that acquires reproductions of copyrighted software. Within all hackers are tiers of hackers such as the 'samurai' who are hackers that hire themselves out for legal electronic locksmith work.

Furthermore, there are other hackers who are hired to test security, they are called 'sneakers' or 'tiger teams'. Before communications between computers and computer users were as networked as they are now, there were multiple independent and parallel hacker subcultures unaware or only aware of each other's existence. All of these had certain important traits in common: Creating software and sharing it with each other Placing a high value on freedom of inquiry Hostility to secrecy Information-sharing as both an ideal and a practical strategy Upholding the right to fork Emphasis on rationality Distaste for authority Playful cleverness, taking the serious humorously and humor These sorts of subcultures were found at academic settings such as college campuses; the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, the University of California and Carnegie Mellon University were well-known hotbeds of early hacker culture. They evolved in parallel, unconsciously, until the Internet, where a legendary PDP-10 machine at MIT, called

Love Byrd is a 1981 album by Donald Byrd and 125th Street, N. Y. C. released on the Elektra label. 'Love Has Come Around' – 7:52 'Butterfly' – 6:05 'I Feel Like Loving You Today' – 6:57 'I Love Your Love' – 6:59 'I'll Always Love You' – 5:13 'Love for Sale' – 6:06 'Falling' – 3:01 Donald Byrd – trumpetIsaac Hayes – piano, Fender Rhodes, percussion, synthesizer Ronnie Garrett – bassguitarWilliam Duckett – electric guitar Albert Crawford Jr. – piano, Fender Rhodes, clavinetEric Hines – drum kit Myra Walker – piano Rose Williams – vocalist Diane Williams – vocalist Pat Lewis – vocalist Diane Evans – vocalist Joe Neil – engineer Bret Richardson – assistant engineer

John Fenton Johnson is an American writer and professor of English and LGBT Studies at the University of Arizona. He was born ninth of nine children into a Kentucky whiskey-making family with a strong storytelling tradition. In February 2016, University Press of Kentucky marked Fenton Johnson's place in the literature of the state and nation by publishing a new novel,The Man Who Loved Birds, at the same time that it reissues his earlier novels Crossing the River and Scissors, Rock. Johnson is the author of three cover essays in Harper's Magazine, most Going It Alone: The Dignity and Challenge of Solitude, available for reading through his webpage. Links to his media appearances, on Terry Gross's Fresh Air and on Kentucky Educational Television, may be found on his webpage, his most recent nonfiction book Keeping Faith: A Skeptic's Journey draws on time spent living as a member of the monastic communities of the TrappistAbbey of Gethsemani in Kentucky and the San Francisco Zen Center as a means to examining what it means to a skeptic to have and keep faith.

Keeping Faith weaves frank conversations with Trappist and Buddhist monks with a history of the contemplative life and meditations from Johnson's experience of the virtue we call faith. It received the 2004 Kentucky Literary Award for Nonfiction and the 2004 Lambda Literary Award for best GLBT creative nonfiction. Johnson is the author of Geography of the Heart: A Memoir which received a Lambda Literary Award and the American Library Association Award for best gay/lesbian nonfiction. Everywhere Home: A Life in Essays, a compilation of Johnson's new and selected essays, will be published in 2017, he is at work on At the Center of All Beauty: The Dignity and Challenge of Solitude, a book-length meditation based on his 2016 cover essay in Harper's Magazine. He has received awards from the Wallace Stegner and James Michener Fellowships in Fiction and National Endowment for the Arts Fellowships in both fiction and creative nonfiction, he has received a Kentucky Literary Award, two Lambda Literary Awards for best creative nonfiction, as well as the American Library Association's Stonewall Book Award for best gay/lesbian nonfiction.

Previously, I worked for Tech-X Corporation, where I was the main developer for, a library of IDL bindings for GPU accelerated computation routines.I am the creator and main developer for the open source projects, and.Contact me at, or via email at mgalloy at gmail dot com. I work mostly in IDL, but occasionally use C, CUDA, and Python.I currently work for the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) at the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory. For more details about me, see my.Need consulting/instruction?

He received a 2007 fellowship from the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation to support completion of his third novel and to begin research and writing on a nonfiction project. Crossing the river. Birch Lane Press. 1991. Crossing the river. University Press of Kentucky. 2016. Scissors, Rock, Washington Square Press. Keeping Faith: A Skeptic's Journey. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2004. ISBN 978-0-618-49237-4. Everywhere Home: A Life in Essays, Sarabande Books 'The future of queer: a manifesto'. Essay. Harper's Magazine. 336: 27–34. January 2018. KYLIT - A site devoted to Kentucky Writers A biography of Johnson's life 'Author's website'

Roger WilliamsPublic School No. 10 known as South Scranton Catholic High School, is a historic school building located at Scranton, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania. It was built about 1896, is a two-story, 'I'-shaped brick and sandstone building in a Late Victorian style, it features a central three-story entrance tower with a hipped roof. A two-story brick addition was built in 1965; the public school was closed in 1941, subsequently acquired by the Roman CatholicDiocese of Scranton for use as a consolidated Catholic high school. It was renamed in 1973, as Bishop Klonowski High School, closed in 1982; the property was acquired by Lackawanna Junior College in 1982. In 2012, it is occupied by Goodwill Industries, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997

Buffalo launched a 2 TB variant of its MiniStation 3.0 portable hard drive (model: HD-PCT2. Slated for late-July, the drive will be priced at 29,925 JPY (US $380). The drive is built into the conventional MiniStation chassis, which is available in piano-black and pearl-white finishes. Buffalo's TeraStation 3410DN is a four-drive desktop business class value storage solution, NAS-grade hard drives included. This device features advanced components and solutions at an entry level price - ideal for small offices and professional users requiring cost-effective network storage. Users can easily share and safeguard data with reliability and RAID data protection, while the.

The Buffalo TeraStation network-attached storage series are network-attached storage devices. The current lineup includes the TeraStation series; these devices have undergone various improvements since they were first produced, have expanded to include a Windows Storage Server-based operating system. The TeraStation is a network-attached storage device using a PowerPC or ARM architecture processor. Many TeraStation models are shipped with enterprise-grade internal hard drives mounted in a RAID array. Since January 2012, the TeraStation uses LIO for its iSCSI target; the LinkStation is a network-attached storage device using a PowerPC or ARM architecture processor designed for personal use, aiming to serve as a central media hub and backup storage for a household. Compared to the TeraStation series, LinkStation devices offer more streamlined UI and media server features; the LinkStation is notable among the Linux community both in Japan and in the US/Europe for being 'hackable' into a generic Linux appliance and made to do tasks other than the file storage and sharing tasks for which it was designed.

As the device runs on Linux, included changes to the Linux source code, Buffalo was required to release their modified versions of source code as per the terms of the GNU General Public License. Due to the availability of source code and the low cost of the device, there are several community projects centered around it. There are two main replacement firmware releases available for the device: the first is OpenLink, based on the official Buffalo firmware with some modifications and features added; the other is FreeLink, a Debian distribution. Like the LinkStation, TeraStation devices run its own version of Linux, some models run Windows Storage Server 2016. Debian and Gentoo Linux distributions and NetBSD are reported to have been ported to it; the device in various iterations ships with its own Universal Plug and Play protocol for distribution of multimedia stored on the device. It can be configured as a variety of different media servers TwonkyVision Media server, a SlimServer/SqueezeCenter server, an iTunes server using the Digital Audio Access Protocol, a Samba server, an LIO iSCSI target, MLDonkey client, as well as a Network File System server for Posix-based systems.

For use as a backup server, it can be modified to use Rsync to back up or synchronize data from one or many computers in the network pushing their data, or having the LinkStation pulling the data from remote servers—beside the use of the Buffalo-provided backup software for Windows. It has found use in a number of other ways, notably through its USB interface which comes configured as a Print server but can use the Common Unix Printing System to act as such for a USB Printer. Users have managed to get it to use a number of other USB devices with the version 2.6 Linux kernel's enhanced USB support. Additionally, because the Apache HTTP Server software is installed for the purpose of providing the Buffalo configuration screens, the device is converted to be a lightweight web server that can serve any content of the operator's choice; the LinkStation and TeraStation NAS devices have won various industry awards since their introduction, such as the TS51210RH winning Storage Product of the Year for the 2018 Network Computing Awards.

The TeraStation has won the SMB External Storage Hardware category of the CRN® Annual Report Card awards, which recognizes exceptional vendor performance, for three years in a row. NSLU2

Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is packaged in a Linux distribution. Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word 'Linux' in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy. Popular Linux distributions include Debian and Ubuntu. Commercial distributions include SUSE Linux Enterprise Server. Desktop Linux distributions include a windowing system such as X11 or Wayland, a desktop environment such as GNOME or KDE Plasma. Distributions intended for servers may omit graphics altogether, or include a solution stack such as LAMP; because Linux is redistributable, anyone may create a distribution for any purpose. Linux was developed for personal computers based on the Intel x86 architecture, but has since been ported to more platforms than any other operating system.

Linux is the leading operating system on servers and other big iron systems such as mainframe computers, the only OS used on TOP500 supercomputers. It is used by around 2.3 percent of desktop computers. The Chromebook, which runs the Linux kernel-based Chrome OS, dominates the US K–12 education market and represents nearly 20 percent of sub-$300 notebook sales in the US. Linux runs on embedded systems, i.e. devices whose operating system is built into the firmware and is tailored to the system. This includes routers, automation controls, digital video recorders, video game consoles, smartwatches. Many smartphones and tablet computers run other Linux derivatives; because of the dominance of Android on smartphones, Linux has the largest installed base of all general-purpose operating systems. Linux is one of the most prominent examples of open-source software collaboration; the source code may be used and distributed—commercially or non-commercially—by anyone under the terms of its respective licenses, such as the GNU General Public License.

The Unix operating system was conceived and implemented in 1969, at AT&T's Bell Laboratories in the United States by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Douglas McIlroy, Joe Ossanna. First released in 1971, Unix was written in assembly language, as was common practice at the time. In 1973 in a key, pioneering approach, it was rewritten in the C programming language by Dennis Ritchie; the availability of a high-level language implementation of Unix made its porting to different computer platforms easier. Due to an earlier antitrust case forbidding it from entering the computer business, AT&T was required to license the operating system's source code to anyone who asked; as a result, Unix grew and became adopted by academic institutions and businesses. In 1984, AT&T divested itself of Bell Labs; the GNU Project, started in 1983 by Richard Stallman, had the goal of creating a 'complete Unix-compatible software system' composed of free software. Work began in 1984. In 1985, Stallman started the Free Software Foundation and wrote the GNU General Public License in 1989.

By the early 1990s, many of the programs required in an operating system were completed, although low-level elements such as device drivers and the kernel, called GNU/Hurd, were stalled and incomplete. Linus Torvalds has stated that if the GNU kernel had been available at the time, he would not have decided to write his own. Although not released until 1992, due to legal complications, development of 386BSD, from which NetBSD, OpenBSD and FreeBSD descended, predated that of Linux. Torvalds has stated that if 386BSD had been available at the time, he would not have created Linux. MINIX was created by Andrew S. Tanenbaum, a computer science professor, released in 1987 as a minimal Unix-like operating system targeted at students and others who wanted to learn the operating system principles. Although the complete source code of MINIX was available, the licensing terms prevented it from being free software until the licensing changed in April 2000. In 1991, while attending the University of Helsinki, Torvalds became curious about operating systems.

Frustrated by the licensing of MINIX, which at the time limited it to educational use only, he began to work on his own operating system kernel, which became the Linux kernel. Torvalds began the development of the Linux kernel on MINIX and applications written for MINIX were used on Linux. Linux matured and further Linux kernel development took place on Linux systems. GNU applications replaced all MINIX components, because it was advantageous to use the available code from the GNU Project with the fledgling operating system. Torvalds initiated a switch from his original license, which prohibited commercial redistribution, to the GNU GPL. Developers worked to integrate GNU components with the Linux kernel, making a functional and free operating system. Linus Torvalds had wanted to call his invention 'Freax', a portmanteau of 'free', 'freak', 'x' (as

Outlook for mac 2016 calendar sync with google. Outlook 2016 for Mac users who are part of the Office Insider Fast program will be the first to try this new feature. To become an Insider, simply open up Outlook, click Help Check for Updates and then follow the directions found here. Not all Insiders will see the new Google Account experience right away. The answer is 'yes', we can sync out Google account with Outlook 2016 for Mac now if we are Insider Fast participants and have an Office 365 subscription. On build number 0902 and higher you can sync contacts and calendar with Outlook for Mac 2016 but first you need to add the account to Outlook. See Add an email account to Outlook for instructions. Known issues syncing Google accounts to the Microsoft Cloud. Sync your Google account to the Microsoft Cloud.

Network-attached storage is a file-level computer data storage server connected to a computer network providing data access to a heterogeneous group of clients. NAS is specialized for serving files either by software, or configuration, it is manufactured as a computer appliance – a purpose-built specialized computer. NAS systems are networked appliances which contain one or more storage drives arranged into logical, redundant storage containers or RAID. Network-attached storage removes the responsibility of file serving from other servers on the network, they provide access to files using network file sharing protocols such as NFS, SMB, or AFP. From the mid-1990s, NAS devices began gaining popularity as a convenient method of sharing files among multiple computers. Potential benefits of dedicated network-attached storage, compared to general-purpose servers serving files, include faster data access, easier administration, simple configuration; the hard disk drives with 'NAS' in their name are functionally similar to other drives but may have different firmware, vibration tolerance, or power dissipation to make them more suitable for use in RAID arrays, which are used in NAS implementations.

For example, some NAS versions of drives support a command extension to allow extended error recovery to be disabled. In a non-RAID application, it may be important for a disk drive to go to great lengths to read a problematic storage block if it takes several seconds. In an appropriately configured RAID array, a single bad block on a single drive can be recovered via the redundancy encoded across the RAID set. If a drive spends several seconds executing extensive retries it might cause the RAID controller to flag the drive as 'down' whereas if it replied promptly that the block of data had a checksum error, the RAID controller would use the redundant data on the other drives to correct the error and continue without any problem; such a 'NAS' SATA hard disk drive can be used as an internal PC hard drive, without any problems or adjustments needed, as it supports additional options and may be built to a higher quality standard than a regular consumer drive. A NAS unit is a computer connected to a network that provides only file-based data storage services to other devices on the network.

Although it may technically be possible to run other software on a NAS unit, it is not designed to be a general-purpose server. For example, NAS units do not have a keyboard or display, are controlled and configured over the network using a browser. A full-featured operating system is not needed on a NAS device, so a stripped-down operating system is used. For example, FreeNAS or NAS4Free, both open source NAS solutions designed for commodity PC hardware, are implemented as a stripped-down version of FreeBSD. NAS systems contain one or more hard disk drives arranged into logical, redundant storage containers or RAID. NAS uses file-based protocols such as NFS, SMB, AFP, or NCP. NAS units limit clients to a single protocol; the key difference between direct-attached storage and NAS is that DAS is an extension to an existing server and is not networked. NAS is designed as an self-contained solution for sharing files over the network. Both DAS and NAS can increase availability of data by using RAID or clustering.

When both are served over the network, NAS could have better performance than DAS, because the NAS device can be tuned for file serving, less to happen on a server responsible for other processing. Both NAS and DAS can have various amount of cache memory, which affects performance; when comparing use of NAS with use of local DAS, the performance of NAS depends on the speed of and congestion on the network. NAS is not as customizable in terms of hardware or software as a general-purpose server supplied with DAS. NAS provides a file system; this is contrasted with SAN, which provides only block-based storage and leaves file system concerns on the 'client' side. SAN protocols include Fibre Channel, iSCSI, ATA over Ethernet and HyperSCSI. One way to loosely conceptualize the difference between a NAS and a SAN is that NAS appears to the client OS as a file server whereas a disk available through a SAN still appears to the client OS as a disk, visible in disk and volume management utilities, available to be formatted with a file system and mounted.

Despite their differences, SAN and NAS are not mutually exclusive and may be combined as a SAN-NAS hybrid, offering both file-level protocols and block-level protocols from the same system. An example of this is a free software product running on Linux-based systems. A shared disk file system can be run on top of a SAN to provide filesystem services. In the early 1980s, the 'Newcastle Connection' by Brian Randell and his colleagues at Newcastle University demonstrated and developed remote file access across a set of UNIX machines. Novell's NetWare server operating system and NCP protocol was released in 1983. Following the Newcastle Connection, Sun Microsystems' 1984 release of NFS allowed network servers to share their storage space with networked clients. 3Com and Microsoft would deve

Error-correcting code memory is a type of computer data storage that can detect and correct the most-common kinds of internal data corruption. ECC memory is used in most computers where data corruption cannot be tolerated under any circumstances, such as for scientific or financial computing. ECC memory maintains a memory system immune to single-bit errors: the data, read from each word is always the same as the data, written to it if one of the bits stored has been flipped to the wrong state. Most non-ECC memory cannot detect errors, although some non-ECC memory with parity support allows detection but not correction. Electrical or magnetic interference inside a computer system can cause a single bit of dynamic random-access memory to spontaneously flip to the opposite state, it was thought that this was due to alpha particles emitted by contaminants in chip packaging material, but research has shown that the majority of one-off soft errors in DRAM chips occur as a result of background radiation, chiefly neutrons from cosmic ray secondaries, which may change the contents of one or more memory cells or interfere with the circuitry used to read or write to them.

Hence, the error rates increase with rising altitude. As a result, systems operating at high altitudes require special provision for reliability; as an example, the spacecraft Cassini–Huygens, launched in 1997, contained two identical flight recorders, each with 2.5 gigabits of memory in the form of arrays of commercial DRAM chips. Thanks to built-in EDAC functionality, spacecraft's engineering telemetry reported the number of single-bit-per-word errors and double-bit-per-word errors. During the first 2.5 years of flight, the spacecraft reported a nearly constant single-bit error rate of about 280 errors per day. However, on November 6, 1997, during the first month in space, the number of errors increased by more than a factor of four for that single day; this was attributed to a solar particle event, detected by the satellite GOES 9. There was some concern that as DRAM density increases further, thus the components on chips get smaller, while at the same time operating voltages continue to fall, DRAM chips will be affected by such radiation more frequently—since lower-energy particles will be able to change a memory cell's state.

On the other hand, smaller cells make smaller targets, moves to technologies such as SOI may make individual cells less susceptible and so counteract, or reverse, this trend. Recent studies show that single-event upsets due to cosmic radiation have been dropping with process geometry and previous concerns over increasing bit cell error rates are unfounded. Work published between 2007 and 2009 showed varying error rates with over 7 orders of magnitude difference, ranging from 10−10 error/bit·h to 10−17 error/bit·h. A large-scale study based on Google's large number of servers was presented at the SIGMETRICS/Performance’09 conference; the actual error rate found was several orders of magnitude higher than the previous small-scale or laboratory studies, with between 25,000 and 70,000 errors per billion device hours per megabit. More than 8% of DIMM memory modules were affected by errors per year; the consequence of a memory error is system-dependent. In systems without ECC, an error can lead either to corruption of data.

Memory errors can cause security vulnerabilities. A memory error can have no consequences if it changes a bit which neither causes observable malfunctioning nor affects data used in calculations or saved. A 2010 simulation study showed that, for a web browser, only a small fraction of memory errors caused data corruption, although, as many memory errors are intermittent and correlated, the effects of memory errors were greater than would be expected for independent soft errors; some tests conclude that the isolation of DRAM memory cells can be circumvented by unintended side effects of specially crafted accesses to adjacent cells. Thus, accessing data stored in DRAM causes memory cells to leak their charges and interact electrically, as a result of high cell density in modern memory, altering the content of nearby memory rows that were not addressed in the original memory access; this effect is known as row hammer, it has been used in some privilege escalation computer security exploits. An example of a single-bit error that would be ignored by a system with no error-checking, would halt a machine with parity checking, or would be invisibly corrected by ECC: a single bit is stuck at 1 due to a faulty chip, or becomes changed to 1 due to background or cosmic radiation.

As a result, the '8' has silently become a '9'. Several approaches have been developed to deal with unwanted bit-flips, including immunity-aware programming, RAM parity memory, ECC memory; this problem can be mitigated by using DRAM modules that include extra memory bits and memory controllers that exploit these bits. These extra bi

The hacker culture is a subculture of individuals who enjoy the intellectual challenge of creatively overcoming limitations of software systems to achieve novel and clever outcomes. The act of engaging in activities in a spirit of playfulness and exploration is termed 'hacking'. However, the defining characteristic of a hacker is not the activities performed themselves, but the manner in which it is done and whether it is something exciting and meaningful. Activities of playful cleverness can be said to have 'hack value' and therefore the term 'hacks' came about, with early examples including pranks at MIT done by students to demonstrate their technical aptitude and cleverness. Therefore, the hacker culture emerged in academia in the 1960s around the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Tech Model Railroad Club and MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. Hacking involved entering restricted areas in a clever way without causing any major damages; some famous hacks at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology were placing of a campus police cruiser on the roof of the Great Dome and converting the Great Dome into R2-D2.

Richard Stallman explains about hackers who program: What they had in common was love of excellence and programming. They wanted to make their programs, they wanted to make them do neat things. They wanted to be able to do something in a more exciting way than anyone believed possible and show 'Look how wonderful this is. I bet you didn't believe this could be done.' Hackers from this subculture tend to emphatically differentiate themselves from what they pejoratively call 'crackers'. The Jargon File, an influential but not universally accepted compendium of hacker slang, defines hacker as 'A person who enjoys exploring the details of programmable systems and stretching their capabilities, as opposed to most users, who prefer to learn only the minimum necessary.' The Request for Comments 1392, the Internet Users' Glossary, amplifies this meaning as 'A person who delights in having an intimate understanding of the internal workings of a system and computer networks in particular.'As documented in the Jargon File, these hackers are disappointed by the mass media and general public's usage of the word hacker to refer to security breakers, calling them 'crackers' instead.

This includes both 'good' crackers who use their computer security related skills and knowledge to learn more about how systems and networks work and to help to discover and fix security holes, as well as those more 'evil' crackers who use the same skills to author harmful software and illegally infiltrate secure systems with the intention of doing harm to the system. The programmer subculture of hackers, in contrast to the cracker community sees computer security related activities as contrary to the ideals of the original and true meaning of the hacker term that instead related to playful cleverness; the word 'hacker' derives from the seventeenth-century word of a 'lusty laborer' who harvested fields by dogged and rough swings of his hoe. Although the idea of 'hacking' has existed long before the term 'hacker'‍—‌with the most notable example of Lightning Ellsworth, it was not a word that the first programmers used to describe themselves. In fact, many of the first programmers were from physics backgrounds.

There was a growing awareness of a style of programming different from the cut and dried methods employed at first, but it was not until the 1960s that the term hackers began to be used to describe proficient computer programmers. Therefore, the fundamental characteristic that links all who identify themselves as hackers are ones who enjoy '…the intellectual challenge of creatively overcoming and circumventing limitations of programming systems and who tries to extend their capabilities'. With this definition in mind, it can be clear where the negative implications of the word 'hacker' and the subculture of 'hackers' came from; some common nicknames among this culture include 'crackers' who are unskilled thieves who rely on luck. Others include 'phreak'‍—‌which refers to a type of skilled crackers and 'warez d00dz'‍—‌which is a kind of cracker that acquires reproductions of copyrighted software. Within all hackers are tiers of hackers such as the 'samurai' who are hackers that hire themselves out for legal electronic locksmith work.

Furthermore, there are other hackers who are hired to test security, they are called 'sneakers' or 'tiger teams'. Before communications between computers and computer users were as networked as they are now, there were multiple independent and parallel hacker subcultures unaware or only aware of each other's existence. All of these had certain important traits in common: Creating software and sharing it with each other Placing a high value on freedom of inquiry Hostility to secrecy Information-sharing as both an ideal and a practical strategy Upholding the right to fork Emphasis on rationality Distaste for authority Playful cleverness, taking the serious humorously and humor These sorts of subcultures were found at academic settings such as college campuses; the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, the University of California and Carnegie Mellon University were well-known hotbeds of early hacker culture. They evolved in parallel, unconsciously, until the Internet, where a legendary PDP-10 machine at MIT, called

Love Byrd is a 1981 album by Donald Byrd and 125th Street, N. Y. C. released on the Elektra label. 'Love Has Come Around' – 7:52 'Butterfly' – 6:05 'I Feel Like Loving You Today' – 6:57 'I Love Your Love' – 6:59 'I'll Always Love You' – 5:13 'Love for Sale' – 6:06 'Falling' – 3:01 Donald Byrd – trumpetIsaac Hayes – piano, Fender Rhodes, percussion, synthesizer Ronnie Garrett – bassguitarWilliam Duckett – electric guitar Albert Crawford Jr. – piano, Fender Rhodes, clavinetEric Hines – drum kit Myra Walker – piano Rose Williams – vocalist Diane Williams – vocalist Pat Lewis – vocalist Diane Evans – vocalist Joe Neil – engineer Bret Richardson – assistant engineer

John Fenton Johnson is an American writer and professor of English and LGBT Studies at the University of Arizona. He was born ninth of nine children into a Kentucky whiskey-making family with a strong storytelling tradition. In February 2016, University Press of Kentucky marked Fenton Johnson's place in the literature of the state and nation by publishing a new novel,The Man Who Loved Birds, at the same time that it reissues his earlier novels Crossing the River and Scissors, Rock. Johnson is the author of three cover essays in Harper's Magazine, most Going It Alone: The Dignity and Challenge of Solitude, available for reading through his webpage. Links to his media appearances, on Terry Gross's Fresh Air and on Kentucky Educational Television, may be found on his webpage, his most recent nonfiction book Keeping Faith: A Skeptic's Journey draws on time spent living as a member of the monastic communities of the TrappistAbbey of Gethsemani in Kentucky and the San Francisco Zen Center as a means to examining what it means to a skeptic to have and keep faith.

Keeping Faith weaves frank conversations with Trappist and Buddhist monks with a history of the contemplative life and meditations from Johnson's experience of the virtue we call faith. It received the 2004 Kentucky Literary Award for Nonfiction and the 2004 Lambda Literary Award for best GLBT creative nonfiction. Johnson is the author of Geography of the Heart: A Memoir which received a Lambda Literary Award and the American Library Association Award for best gay/lesbian nonfiction. Everywhere Home: A Life in Essays, a compilation of Johnson's new and selected essays, will be published in 2017, he is at work on At the Center of All Beauty: The Dignity and Challenge of Solitude, a book-length meditation based on his 2016 cover essay in Harper's Magazine. He has received awards from the Wallace Stegner and James Michener Fellowships in Fiction and National Endowment for the Arts Fellowships in both fiction and creative nonfiction, he has received a Kentucky Literary Award, two Lambda Literary Awards for best creative nonfiction, as well as the American Library Association's Stonewall Book Award for best gay/lesbian nonfiction.

Previously, I worked for Tech-X Corporation, where I was the main developer for, a library of IDL bindings for GPU accelerated computation routines.I am the creator and main developer for the open source projects, and.Contact me at, or via email at mgalloy at gmail dot com. I work mostly in IDL, but occasionally use C, CUDA, and Python.I currently work for the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) at the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory. For more details about me, see my.Need consulting/instruction?

He received a 2007 fellowship from the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation to support completion of his third novel and to begin research and writing on a nonfiction project. Crossing the river. Birch Lane Press. 1991. Crossing the river. University Press of Kentucky. 2016. Scissors, Rock, Washington Square Press. Keeping Faith: A Skeptic's Journey. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2004. ISBN 978-0-618-49237-4. Everywhere Home: A Life in Essays, Sarabande Books 'The future of queer: a manifesto'. Essay. Harper's Magazine. 336: 27–34. January 2018. KYLIT - A site devoted to Kentucky Writers A biography of Johnson's life 'Author's website'

Roger WilliamsPublic School No. 10 known as South Scranton Catholic High School, is a historic school building located at Scranton, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania. It was built about 1896, is a two-story, 'I'-shaped brick and sandstone building in a Late Victorian style, it features a central three-story entrance tower with a hipped roof. A two-story brick addition was built in 1965; the public school was closed in 1941, subsequently acquired by the Roman CatholicDiocese of Scranton for use as a consolidated Catholic high school. It was renamed in 1973, as Bishop Klonowski High School, closed in 1982; the property was acquired by Lackawanna Junior College in 1982. In 2012, it is occupied by Goodwill Industries, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997